How do I calculate Force — Single-Acting Cylinder (Spring Return)?

To calculate Force — Single-Acting Cylinder (Spring Return): Enter Cylinder bore, Working pressure, Spring return force and other values. Click Calculate. INDUGRID computes the result instantly using the formula: F_eff [N] = A × (P − 0.4) × 100,000 × (1 − friction/100) − F_spring. No registration required.

What units does the Force — Single-Acting Cylinder (Spring Return) calculator use?

The Force — Single-Acting Cylinder (Spring Return) calculator uses the following units: mm, bar, N, %. SI units are used by default.

Pneumatics

Force — Single-Acting Cylinder (Spring Return)

Calculate effective push force of a spring-return single-acting cylinder, accounting for spring return force and seal friction.

Units:

in LinkedIn

💡Maximum stroke of ESN/ESNU/DSNU single-acting cylinders is typically 50 mm. Spring force is not constant — it decreases as the spring extends. Always check the manufacturer's datasheet for force at your specific stroke length.

F_eff [N] = A × (P − 0.4) × 100,000 × (1 − friction/100) − F_spring

Input

Cylinder bore iInternal bore diameter in mm. Standard ESN sizes: 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25 mm.

Working pressure iAvailable supply pressure in bar.

bar

Spring return force iBuilt-in spring return force in Newton at the specified stroke. From manufacturer datasheet. Example: Ø25 at 25mm stroke ≈ 21 N.

Seal friction iFriction of piston and rod seals as a percentage. Typically 5–10%.

Result

Piston area [cm²] —

Theoretical force [N] —

Effective push force [N] —

Effective push force [kg] —