Hydraulics
Hydraulic Pipe Flow & Pressure Loss
Calculate pressure loss in a hydraulic pipe using the Hagen-Poiseuille equation for laminar flow and the Darcy-Weisbach equation for turbulent flow.
Units:
Keep flow velocity in hydraulic pressure lines below 4 m/s, and in return lines below 2 m/s to avoid excessive pressure loss and noise. Reynolds number below 2300 = laminar, above 4000 = turbulent.
Laminar: ΔP = (128 × η × L × Q) / (π × D⁴) | Turbulent: ΔP = f × L/D × ρv²/2
Input
Pipe internal diameter iInternal diameter of the hydraulic pipe in mm.
mm
Pipe length iTotal pipe length in metres.
m
Flow rate iFlow rate through the pipe in litres per minute.
l/min
Oil viscosity (kinematic) iKinematic viscosity of hydraulic oil in centistokes. ISO VG 46 = 46 cSt at 40°C.
cSt
Oil density iDensity of hydraulic oil. Typical mineral oil: 850–900 kg/m³.
kg/m³
Result
Flow velocity [m/s]
—
Reynolds number
—
Flow regime
—
Pressure loss ΔP [bar]
—
Velocity rating
—