Machine Safety
Risk Assessment Matrix (ISO 12100)
Structured risk assessment following ISO 12100 methodology. Evaluate risk level and determine if risk reduction measures are adequate.
Units:
Risk assessment is not a one-time activity — it must be reviewed whenever the machine design changes, after accidents or near-misses, and periodically. Document all hazards, measures taken and residual risk. The CE Declaration of Conformity requires documented risk assessment.
Risk = Severity × Probability × Exposure → Risk level → Risk reduction measures → Residual risk
Input
Severity of harm iWorst-case severity of injury that could result from this hazard.
Probability of harm occurring iProbability that the hazard leads to actual harm, considering existing protective measures.
Frequency of exposure iHow often a person is exposed to the hazard.
Result
Risk score
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Risk level
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Action required
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ISO 12100 priority measure
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Target risk score after measures
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